The Interferon-α/ β Receptor 1 (IFN-α/ β R1) is a Receptor which binds Type I Interferons including Interferon-α and -β. It is a cell surface Receptor and heteromeric Receptor composed of one chain with two subunits referred to as IFNAR1 and IFNAR2. IFN-α/ β R1, in association with IFN-α/ β R2, is required for propagating antiviral signal transduction triggered by IFN-α and IFN-β. IFN-α/ β R1 interacts very weakly or not at all with type 1 interferons and does not stably interact with IFN-α/ β R2. Ligands associate with IFN-α/ β R2, and this complex subsequently forms a stable ternary assembly with IFN-α/ β R1. IFN-α/ β R1 also associates with IFN-γ R2 even in the absence of IFN-γ stimulation. Human IFN-α/ β R1 contains a nuclear localization signal in its extracellular domain that is required for Receptor translocation to the nucleus following interaction with Ligand. Interferon stimulation results in an immunologic response that is especially associated with viruses.